The article is concerned with the way in which memories and experiences of the First World War were narrated and presented in interwar eastern and central Europe with special reference to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia). The intention is to investigate the significance of the fact that, in Yugoslavia and throughout interwar Eastern Europe, so many citizens, subjects had served on opposing sides during the war. For example, in the enlarged state of Romania after 1918, Transylvanian Hungarians and Germans had fought for the Central Powers, whilst Romanians had fought for the Allies. In Czechoslovakia, Czechs had supposedly been reluctant soldiers in the Austro-Hungarian Army but enthusiastic volunteers for the Czech Legion in Russia, whereas Sudeten Germans had been more loyal to the Habsburg war effort. Poles also, living together in the new state of Poland, had fought against each other in the armies of the Allies and the Central Powers.