Objectives:The use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in both basic and clinical neuroscience is rapidly expanding. However, although advance shave been made in correlating fMRI responses with the underlying neuronal activity, the fact remains that this technique does not directly measure neuronal activity but associated haemodynamic (and metabolic)events. Moreover, a constant relationship between neuronal, haemodynamic and metabolic processes across different brain regions is frequently assumed,despite substantial differences in neuronal architecture.Only by fully understanding the relationship between these parameters will we be able to fully utilise functional neuroimaging. Therefore, we must find away of correlating fMRI data, which largely reflects the haemodynamic component,with neural and/or meta-bolic information. Long-term in-vivo electrochemistry(LIVE) enables real-time measurement of brain metabolites.1In this study we have developed methods for simultaneous fMRI and tissue oxygen measurements via LIVE for direct correlation of metabolic and haemodynamic factors...