Recent developments in the analysis of derived relational responding have contributed to the behavioral analysis of a wide range of complex human behaviors, including sexual behaviors. In particular, recent research has demonstrated that human sexual arousal patterns can emerge in the absence of a history of instrumental learning or stimulus association. These findings considerably expand the traditional behavioral approach to the analysis of human sexual arousal. The current paper provides an overview of the traditional behavioral approach to the analysis of sexual arousal, and outlines Relational Frame Theory as a modern behavioral approach to human language, cognition, and complex behavior in general. A relational frame approach to the analysis of human sexual arousal is then outlined and its interpretative power in dealing with a range of complex human sexual behavior is demonstrated.